Datapump

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Datapump is a server based bulk data movement infrastructure that supersedes the old import and export utilities. The old export/import tools are still available, but do not support all Oracle 10g, 11g and 12c features. The new utilities are named expdp and impdp.

Start using datapump export[edit]

$ expdp scott/tiger DIRECTORY=dmpdir DUMPFILE=scott.dmp

Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 31 March,  2006 11:36:07
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

ORA-39002: invalid operation
ORA-39070: Unable to open the log file.
ORA-39087: directory name DMPDIR is invalid

Oops, we need to create a directory first!

Create database directories[edit]

Execute the following commands to create a database directory. This directory must point to a valid directory on the same server as the database:

SQL> CREATE DIRECTORY dmpdir AS '/opt/oracle';
Directory created.
SQL> GRANT read, write ON DIRECTORY dmpdir TO scott;
Grant succeeded.

PS: Oracle introduced a default directory from 10g R2, called DATA_PUMP_DIR, that can be used:

SQL> SELECT directory_path FROM dba_directories WHERE directory_name = 'DATA_PUMP_DIR';

DIRECTORY_PATH
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/rdbms/log/

Let's try the export again[edit]

$ expdp scott/tiger DIRECTORY=dmpdir DUMPFILE=scott.dmp

Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 31 March, 2006 11:41:02
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Starting "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01":  scott/********  DIRECTORY=dmpdir DUMPFILE=scott.dmp
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 175.2 MB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TYPE/TYPE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/COMPILE_PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC/ALTER_PACKAGE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_BODY
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/JOB
. . exported "SCOTT"."BIGEMP"                            145.2 MB 3670016 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."DEPT"                              5.656 KB       4 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."EMP"                               7.820 KB      14 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."ORD_CHARGE_TAB"                    5.296 KB       2 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."SALGRADE"                          5.585 KB       5 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."BONUS"                                 0 KB       0 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."NEWOBJECT1_T"                          0 KB       0 rows
. . exported "SCOTT"."T1"                                    0 KB       0 rows
Master table "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for SCOTT.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:
  /app/oracle/scott.dmp
Job "SCOTT"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 11:44:50

Import into another database[edit]

impdp system/oracle DIRECTORY=dmpdir DUMPFILE=scott.dmp

Import: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production on Friday, 31 March, 2006 12:00:59
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02" successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02":  system/******** DIRECTORY=dmpdir DUMPFILE=scott.dmp
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TYPE/TYPE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
. . imported "SCOTT"."BIGEMP"                            145.2 MB 3670016 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."DEPT"                              5.656 KB       4 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."EMP"                               7.820 KB      14 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."ORD_CHARGE_TAB"                    5.296 KB       2 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."SALGRADE"                          5.585 KB       5 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."BONUS"                                 0 KB       0 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."NEWOBJECT1_T"                          0 KB       0 rows
. . imported "SCOTT"."T1"                                    0 KB       0 rows
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/COMPILE_PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC/ALTER_PACKAGE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_BODY
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/JOB
Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_FULL_02" successfully completed at 12:02:22

Network import[edit]

With network mode imports, one doesn't need any intermediate dump files (GREAT, no more FTP'ing of dump files). Data is exported across a database link and imported directly into the target database. Example:

SQL> create user new_scott identified by tiger;
User created.

SQL> grant connect, resource to new_scott;
Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant read, write on directory dmpdir to new_scott;
Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant create database link to new_scott;
Grant succeeded.
SQL> conn new_Scott/tiger
Connected.

SQL> create database link old_scott connect to scott identified by tiger  using 'orcl.oracle.com';
Database link created.
impdp new_scott/tiger DIRECTORY=dmpdir NETWORK_LINK=old_scott remap_schema=scott:new_scott

All work is performed on the target system. The only reference to the source systems is via the database link.

Invoking from PL/SQL[edit]

One can invoke datapump from PL/SQL -- this might be handy for scheduling a daily or weekly export with DBMS_SCHEDULER.

DECLARE
  hand NUMBER;
BEGIN
  hand := Dbms_DataPump.Open(operation => 'EXPORT',
                              job_mode => 'FULL',
                              job_name => 'FULLEXPJOB',
                               version => 'COMPATIBLE');
  Dbms_DataPump.Add_File(handle => hand,
                       filename => 'expdp_plsql.log',
                      directory => 'DMPDIR',
                       filetype => 3);
  Dbms_DataPump.Add_File(handle => hand,
                       filename => 'expdp_plsql.dmp',
                      directory => 'DMPDIR',
                       filetype => 1);
  -- Dbms_DataPump.Set_Parameter(handle => hand,
  --                               name => 'ESTIMATE',
  --                              value => 'STATISTICS');
  Dbms_DataPump.Start_Job(hand);
END;
/

More info[edit]

The above examples should be enough to get you started. For more into, read the Oracle Utilities Guide.

To list all command line parameters, type:

expdp help=yes
impdp help=yes

Utilities[edit]

McDP is a program that does more than expdp and impdp. You can post comments in Forum topic: McDP: like expdp/impdp Data Pump programs and much more:
32-bit McDP
64-bit McDP